Say Impluensya na Nanduruman Karbon ed Asero
Feb 25, 2026
Say carbon et sakey ed saray sankaimportantian ya elemento na asero, tan say karga to et direktan mangaapekta ed microstructure, mekanikal iran kablian, tan proseso na bakal. Say onggendan so detalyadon panagsukimat ed epekto na nanduruman carbon ed saray kablian na bakal:
1. Say impluensya na carbon ed microstructure na asero
Say microstructure na asero et manunan tugyopen na ferrite (-Fe), cementite (Fe₃C), pearlite (sakey a layered mixture na ferrite tan cementite), austenite (-Fe, say atagey-temperature phase), tan martensite (say malet ya phase kayari na quenching). Say panguman ed carbon content et manguman ed proporsyon na sarayan istruktura:
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Low-carbon steel(C < 0.25%): |
Maslak et ferrite, walay daiset ya pearlite, maong so plasticity to balet abeba so biskeg to. |
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Medium-carbon steel (0.25% Mas abeba odino mipara ed C Mas abeba odino mipara ed 0.6%): |
Say proporsyon na pearlite et ondarakel, tan say karakel na ferrite et onbabawas, ya mankokombina na biskeg tan inkapekder. |
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Atagey-carbon steel(C > 0.6%): |
Say pearlite so dominado, tan no mas atagey so carbon content, ompatnag so reticular cementite, ya atagey so inka-malet to balet ta baleg so inka-brittle to. |
2. Say impluensya na carbon ed saray mekanikal a kablian
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Say karakel na karga na carbon |
Kaslakan ya palabas |
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< 0.1% |
Anlemek a tuloy, plastik a tuloy (singa say industrial pure iron), mainomay ya iproseso tan pormaen, balet abeba so biskeg to (σₓ ≈ 200 MPa). |
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0.1%~0.25% |
Low-carbon steel (singa say Q235), maong so plasticity tan weldability, ya uusaren ed konstruksion, plato na luluganan, tan arum nira. |
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0.3%~0.5% |
Medium-carbon steel (singa say 45 steel), ya manbabalanse na biskeg tan inkapekder, ya uusaren parad saray kabiangan na istruktura a singa saray shaft, gears, tan arum nira. |
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0.6%~1.0% |
Atagey-carbon steel (singa say T8, T10), atagey a tuloy so inka-malet (HRC 60+), balet ta atagey so inka-brittle to, ya uusaren parad saray kagawaan, spring, tan arum nira. |
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>1.0% |
Say ultra-high-carbon steel, ya atagey so inka-malet to balet ta alablabas ya maples ya maples, et mankaukolan na espisyal ya heat treatment (singa say spheroidizing annealing) pian napaaligwas so pakayarin makina. |
Say biskeg tan inka-malet: No ondarakel so carbon content, ondarakel so proporsyon na cementite, tan say inka-malet tan tensile strength (σₓ) na asero et ondarakel, balet say plasticity (elongation δ) tan toughness (impact energy AKV) et onbabawas.
Brittle transition: Say high-carbon steel et mainomay ya nabuyak no abeba so temperatura odino no walay epekto to.
3. Say pankakasakey na carbon ed arum ya elemento
Manganese (Mn): Nayarin mamalemew ed pakasakitan na asupre tan mamaaligwas ed inka-hardenable.
Silicon (Si): Papabiskegen toy ferrite, balet babawasan toy ductility.
Alloy steel: Diad pangiyarum na saray elemento a singa say Cr, Ni, Mo, tan arum ni, nagamoran so atagey a biskeg tan inkapekder diad abeban carbon content
